Detailed Questions to ask about Johnson's Research Before Using Findings in Practice
Appropriate Patient Education for Surgery, Invasive Procedures or Research Utilization
Johnson's Theory: "Discrepancy between expected and experienced physical sensations (what is felt seen, heard, tasted, and smelled) during a threatening experience will result in distress."
One
of the most important aspects of research is to always ask detailed
questions and these answers identify potential risks of putting research
into practice. Read the questions below and the answers underneath
indicate the careful thought and data gathered to address each question
related to the "thorny" issues of putting research into
practice.
- What if sensation information lead subjects to believe the procedure was not dangerous?
Both groups rated the test or surgery to be equally threatening?
- What if the sensory information lead subjects to anticipate no or less intense pain to begin with?
Added a control group and there weren’t any differences in pain ratings.
- Subjects developed strategies for coping with pain, thus moods were reported before and after information given – no significant changes.
- Were sensory information people concentrating more on the arms and the pain sensation?
Half were asked to work multiple problems during the
Others half asked to concentrate on their arms = no difference.
- Data on power of suggestion:
i.e., did they experience sensation because they were described (suggested to them)?
Subjects told to expect specific sensations did not report these feelings any more frequently than those not told.
- Giving patients prior sensory information did not make them feel sensations not really induced by the procedure.
- How do patients react to being told 1 or 2 typical sensations and not all of them? (no difference)
Thus, patients may have reduced stress even if nurses can only provide partial description of sensations.
